'Puo' ea liteishene tsa ho tjhaja tsa ev: tlhahlobo e kholo ea liprothokholo tsa ho tjhaja

Na o kile oa ipotsa hore na hobaneng mefuta e fapaneng ea likoloi tsa motlakase e ka ipapisa le matla a ho tjhaja kamora ho hokelaqoelisa? Ke hobane'ng ha ba bangho qosa qubutjhaja kapele mme ba bang butle? Ka morao ho sena ho hlile ho na le "puo e sa bonahaleng" e laolang - ke hore, protocol ea ho tjhaja. Kajeno, ha re senole "melao ea lipuisano" lipakeng tsaho lefisa liqubu le makoloi a motlakase!

1. Protocol ea ho tjhaja ke eng?

• TheProtocol ea ho tjhajake "puo + lilemo" bakeng sa puisano pakeng tsa likoloi tsa motlakase (EVs) leliteishene tsa ho tjhaja ev(EVSEs) tse hlalosang:
• Voltage, sebaka sa hajoale (se lekanya lebelo la ho tjhaja)
• Mokhoa oa ho tjhaja (AC/DC)
• Mokhoa oa ts'ireletso ea ts'ireletso (ho feta motlakase, ho feta hona joale, ho lekola mocheso, joalo-joalo)
• Tšebelisano ea data (boemo ba betri, tsoelo-pele ea ho tjhaja, joalo-joalo)

Ntle le protocol e kopaneng,ev ho lefisa liqubu'me likoloi tsa motlakase li ka' na tsa "se utloisise" tse ling, e leng se etsang hore motho a se khone ho lefisa kapa ho tjhaja hantle.

2. Mekhoa e tloaelehileng ea ho tjhaja ke efe?

Hona joale, e tloaelehilengev ho tjhaja protocollefatšeng ka bophara li arotsoe haholo ka mekhahlelo e latelang:

(1) AC tjhaja protocol

E loketse ho tjhaja butle (lapeng/sechaba liqubu tsa AC):

• GB / T (tekanyetso ea naha): Tekanyetso ea Sechaena, e tloaelehileng ea malapeng, e kang BYD, NIO le lihlahisoa tse ling tse sebelisoang.
• IEC 61851 (tekanyetso ea Europe): hangata e sebelisoa Europe, joalo ka Tesla (European version), BMW, joalo-joalo.
• SAE J1772 (tekanyetso ea Amerika): Amerika Leboea e tloaelehileng, joalo ka Tesla (phetolelo ea US), Ford, joalo-joalo.

(2) protocol ea ho tjhaja ka potlako ea DC

E loketse ho tjhaja kapele (public dc ho tjhaja diqubu ka potlako):

• GB/T (National Standard DC): Sechaba sa malapengdc liteishene tsa ho tjhaja kapeleli sebelisoa haholo, joalo ka State Grid, Telei, joalo-joalo.
• CCS (Combo): e tloaelehileng Europe le United States, e kopanya AC (J1772) le DC interfaces.
• CHAdeMO: Tekanyetso ea Majapane, e sebelisitsoeng qalong ea Nissan Leaf le mefuta e meng, butle-butle e nkeloa sebaka keCCS.
• Tesla NACS: Tesla-exclusive protocol, empa e ntse e buloa ho lihlahisoa tse ling (mohlala, Ford, GM).

3. Hobaneng ha liprothokholo tse fapaneng li ama lebelo la ho tjhaja?

Theprotocol ea ho tjhaja koloi ea motlakasee etsa qeto ea boholo ba puisano ea matla pakeng tsaev chargerle koloi. Ka mohlala:

• Haeba koloi ea hau e tšehetsa GB/T 250A, empa equbu ya ho tjhaja koloi ya motlakasee ts'ehetsa 200A feela, nako ea ho tjhaja ea sebele e tla lekanyetsoa ho 200A.
• Tesla Supercharging (NACS) e ka fana ka 250kW+ ea matla a phahameng, empa ho tjhaja ka potlako maemo a tloaelehileng a naha e ka ba 60-120kW feela.

Ho lumellana ho bohlokoa hape:

• Ho sebelisa li-adapter (tse kang li-adapter tsa Tesla's GB) li ka ikamahanya le mekhoa e fapaneng, empa matla a ka fokotsoa.
• Ba bangliteishene tsa ho tjhaja koloi tsa motlakasets'ehetsa khokahano ea liprotocol tse ngata (joalo ka tšehetsoGB/Tle CHAdeMO ka nako e le nngwe).

4. Mekhoa ea Bokamoso: Tumellano e Kopanetsoeng?

Hona joale, lefatšeng ka bopharaliprothokholo tsa ho tjhaja koloi ea motlakaseha li lumellane ka botlalo, empa mokhoa ona ke ona:

• Tesla NACS butle-butle e fetoha e tloaelehileng Amerika Leboea (Ford, GM, joalo-joalo ikopanye).
• CCS2e ka sehloohong Europe.
• GB/T ea Chaena e ntse e ntlafatsoa hore e khone ho amohela ho tjhaja matla a phahameng ka potlako (joaloka li-platform tsa 800V high-voltage).
• Wireless tjhaja protocol tse kangSAE J2954li ntse li ntlafatsoa.

5. Malebela: U ka etsa bonnete ba hore ho tjhaja hoa lumellana joang?

Ha u reka koloi: Netefatsa mokhoa oa ho tjhaja o tšehelitsoeng ke koloi (joalo ka maemo a naha/Maemo a Europe/Amerika).

Ha o tjhaja: Sebelisa e tsamaisanangseteishene sa ho tjhaja koloi ya motlakase, kapa u nke adaptara (joaloka beng ba Tesla).

Pokello ea ho tjhaja kapelekhetho: Sheba protocol e tšoailoeng qubung ea ho tjhaja (joalo ka CCS, GB/T, joalo-joalo).

kakaretso

Protocol ea ho tjhaja e tšoana le "password" lipakeng tsa koloi ea motlakase leseteishene sa charger sa ev, mme ho tsamaisana feela ho ka lefisoa hantle. Ka nts'etsopele ea thekenoloji, e ka 'na ea e-ba bonngoe haholoanyane nakong e tlang, empa ho ntse ho hlokahala hore u ele hloko ho lumellana. Koloi ea hau ea motlakase e sebelisa protocol efe? E-ea u hlahlobe letšoao boema-kepeng ba ho tjhaja!